Beta Amyloid Peptide: Research Paper : In vivo PET imaging of neuroinflammation in familial frontotemporal dementia

In vivo PET imaging of neuroinflammation in familial frontotemporal dementia

Abstract

Introduction: We report in vivo patterns of neuroinflammation and abnormal protein aggregation in seven cases of familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with mutations in MAPT, GRN and C9orf72 genes.

Methods: Using positron emission tomography (PET), we explored the association of the distribution of activated microglia, as measured by the radioligand [11C]PK11195, and the regional distribution of tau or TDP-43 pathology, indexed using the radioligand [18F]AV-1451. The familial FTD PET data were compared with healthy controls.

Results: Patients with familial FTD across all mutation groups showed increased [11C]PK11195 binding predominantly in frontotemporal regions, with additional regions showing abnormalities in individuals. Patients with MAPT mutations had a consistent distribution of [18F]AV-1451 binding across the brain, with heterogeneous distributions among carriers of GRN and C9orf72 mutations.

Discussion: This case series suggests that neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology of familial FTD, warranting further consideration of immunomodulatory therapies for disease modification and prevention.

Keywords: PET; frontotemporal dementia; genetics.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: JBR reports consultancy unrelated to the work with Biogen, UCB, Asceneuron and Althira; and receipt of research grants from Janssen, AZ-Medimmune, Lilly unrelated to this work. JTO has provided consultancy to TauRx, Axon, Roche, GE Healthcare and Lilly; and has research awards from Alliance Medical and Merck. TR has received honoraria from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Oxford Biomedica and Learna Ltd.

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